Year	Politics/ Religion	Literature/ Art & Architecture ®	Science/ Medicine á	Society/ Industry @	United States of America	U.S. Presidents
1066	1066—Norman Conquest of Britain
1095	1095—Pope Urban II calls for the Crusades
1100	1100s—Angkor Wat is built
1206	1206—Genghis Khan begins creation of largest land empire in history
1215	1215—Magna Carta signed
1250
1260		1260—Chartres Cathedral consecrated
1271	1271—Marco Polo begins travels to Asia
1273		1273—Thomas Aquinas's Summa theologica
1300		1300s—Renaissance beginsi n Italy
1347				1347—Bubonic plague (Black Death) spreads in Europe
1350
1387		c.1387—Chaucer's Canterbury Tales
1399	1399—Tamerlane begins last great conquest
1400	1438—Incan Empire formed in Peru
1425
1450
1455			1455—Gutenberg's movable-type printing press produces the Bible
1492			1492—Columbus reaches the New World
1500		1509—Michelangelo begins painting Sistine Chapel
1513		1513—Machiavelli's The Prince
1517	1517—Martin Luther initiates Reformation
1519	1519—Aztec Empire at height as Spanish arrive
1520	1520—Suleiman I “the Magnificent” presides over the Ottoman Empire's greatest period
1522			1522—Magellan's expedition circumnavigates the globe
1543			1543—Copernicus postulates a heliocentric universe
1550
1582				1582—Pope Gregory XIII reforms calendar
1600
1603		1603—Shakespeare's Hamlet
1605		1605—Cervantes's Don Quixote, first modern novel
1609			1609—Galileo makes first astronomical observations with a telescope
1637	1637—Descartes publishes Discours de la méthode
1643		1643—Taj Mahal completed
1650
1664			1664—Newton's theory of universal gravitation
1667		1667—Milton's Paradise Lost
1684			1684—Leibniz's calculus published
1690		1690—Locke's Essay Concerning Human Understanding
1700
1720		1721—Bach completes the Brandenburg Concertos
1750
1755		1755—Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language
1760				1760—Industrial Revolution begins in England
1762		1762—Rousseau's The Social Contract
1764		1764—Mozart (aged eight) writes first symphony
1769			1769—Watt patents first practical steam engine
1776	1776—U.S. Declaration of Independence	1776— Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations			1776—U.S. Declaration of Independence
1787	1787—U.S. Constitution signed				1787—U.S. Constitution signed
					1787- Delaware (Dec.7), Pennsylvania (Dec.12), New Jersey (Dec. 18) admitted
1788					1788- Georgia (Jan.2), Connecticut (Jan.9), Massachusetts (Feb.6), Maryland (Apr.28), South Carolina (May 23), New Hampshire (June 21), Virginia (June 25), New York (July 26)
1789	1789—French Revolution begins				1789- North Carolina ratified Constitution, Nov. 21	1789- Washington/Adams sworn in, April 30
1790					1790- Rhode Island ratified Constitution, May 29
1791					1791- Vermont admitted, Mar. 24
					1791- Amendments I to X (Bill of Rights) ratified. Dec. 15
1792		1792—Wollstonecraft's Vindication of the Rights of Woman			1792- Kentucky admitted
1793						1793- Washington/Adams sworn in, Mar. 4
1795					1795- Amendment XI (Altering judicial powers) ratified, Feb. 7
1796			1796—Jenner discovers smallpox vaccine		1796- Tennessee admitted, Jun.1
1797						1797- Adams/Jefferson sworn in, Mar. 4
1799						1799- Former President George Washington dies
1800
1801						1801- Jefferson/Burr sworn in, Mar.4
1803					1803- Ohio admitted, Mar.1
1804					1804- Amendment XII (Altering Presidential election procedures) ratified, Jun.15
1805						1805- Jefferson/Clinton sworn in, Mar.4
1808		1808—Beethoven's Fifth Symphony
1809						1809- Madison/Clinton sworn in, Mar.4
1810
1812					1812- Louisiana admitted, Apr.30	1812- Vice President George Clinton died in office from heart attack, Apr.20
1813						1813- Madison/Gerry sworn in, Mar.4
1814						1814- Vice President Elbridge Gerry died in office, Nov.23
1815	1815—Battle of Waterloo crushes Napoleon
1816					1816- Indiana admitted, Dec.11
1817					1817- Mississippi admitted, Dec.10	1817- Monroe/Tompkins sworn in, Mar. 4
1818					1818- Illinois admitted, Dec.3
1819	1819—Bolívar defeats Spanish forces at Boyacá				1819- Alabama admitted
1820					1820- Maine admitted, Mar.5, split from Massachusetts
1821					1821- Missouri admitted, Aug.10	1821- Monroe/Tompkins sworn in, Mar. 4
1825						1825- Adams/Calhoun sworn in
1826			1826—Niepce takes first photograph			1826- Former President Thomas Jefferson died
						1826- Former President John Adams died
1829						1829- Jackson/Calhoun sworn in, Mar.4
1830
1831						1831- Former President James Monroe died, July 4
1832						1832- Vice President John Calhoun resigned, Dec.28
1833	1833—Slavery abolished in British Empire
1836					1836- Arkansas admitted, Jun.15	1836- Former President James Madison died, Jun.28
1837					1837- Michigan admitted, Jan.26	1837- Van Buren/Johnson sworn in, Mar.4
1840
1841						1841- Harrison/Tyler sworn in, Mar.4
						1841- Tyler sworn in as President, Apr.6, after President William Harrison died in office from pneumonia, Apr.4
1842			1842—Long uses first anesthetic (ether)		1842- Florida admitted, Mar.3
1843
1845					1845- Texas admitted, Dec.29	1845- Polk/Dallas sworn in, Mar.4
						1845- Former President Andrew Jackson died, Jun.8
1846					1846- Iowa admitted, Dec.28
1848					1848- Wisconsin admitted, May 29	1848-Former President John Quincy Adams died, Feb.23
1849						1849- Taylor/Fillmore sworn in, Mar.5
						1849- Former President James Polk died, Jun.15
1850					1850- California admitted	1850- Millard Fillmore sworn in as President, Jul.10, after President Zachary Taylor died in office of cholera morbus, Jun15
1853						1853- Pierce/King sworn in, Mar. 4
						1853- Vice President William King died in office from tuberculosis, Apr.18
1857						1857- Buchanan/Breckinridge sworn in, Mar.4
1858					1858- Minnesota admitted, May.11
1859		1859—Darwin's On the Origin of Species	1859—Lenoir builds first practical internal-combustion engine		1859- Oregon, admitted, Feb. 14
1860					1860- South Carolina seceded, Dec.20 (reducing number of states from 33 to 32)
1861					1861- Mississippi (Jan.9), Florida (Jan.10), Alabama (Jan.11), Georgia (Jan.19), Louisiana (Jan.26), Texas (Mar.2), Arkansas (May6), North Carolina (May20), Virginia (May23), Tennessee (Jun.8) seceded	1861- Lincoln/Hamlin sworn in, Mar.4
					1861- Kansas admitted, Jan.29
1862		1862—Salon des Refusés introduces impressionism	1862—Pasteur's experiments lead to germ theory			1862- Former President John Tyler died, Jan.18
						1862- Former President Martin Van Buren died, Jul.24
1863					1863- West Virginia admitted, split from Virginia, Jun.20
1864					1864- Nevada admitted, Oct.31
1865					1865- Amendment XIII (Abolishing slavery) ratified, Dec.6	1865- Lincoln/Johnson sworn in, Mar.4
						1865- Andrew Johnson sworn in as President, Apr.15, after President Abraham Lincoln assassinated, Apr.15
1866					1866- Tennessee readmitted, July 24
1867	1867—Japan ends 675-year shogun rule				1867- Nebraska admitted, Mar.1
1868					1868- Arkansas (Jun.22), North Carolina, South Carolina, Louisiana, Alabama, Florida, Georgia readmitted (Jun.25)	1868- Andrew Johnson impeached on 11 articles of impeachment, Feb. 24.  Acquitted on 11th article of impeachment, May 16, and acquitted on first ten articles of impeachment, May 26.
					1868- Amendment XIV (Affirming rights of citizenship) ratified, July 9	1868 - Former President James Buchanan died, Jun.1
1869					1869- Second reconstruction for Georgia began, Dec. 22	1869- Grant/Colfax sworn in, Mar.4
						1869- Former President Franklin Pierce died, Oct. 8
1870					1870- Virginia (Jan.25), Mississippi (Feb.23), Texas (Mar.30) readmitted, Georgia readmitted again
					1870- Amendment XV (Race-neutral suffrage) ratified, Feb.3
1873						1873- Grant/Wilson sworn in, Mar.4
1874						1874- Former President Millard Fillmore died,Mar.8
1875						1875- Former President Andrew Johnson died, Jul.31
						1875- Vice President Henry Wilson died in office from a stroke, Nov.22
1876			1876—Bell patents the telephone		1876- Colorado admitted
1877						1877- Hayes/Wheeler sworn in, Mar.4
1879			1879—Edison invents electric light
1880				1880s—Europe colonizes African continent
1881						1881- Garfield/Arthur sworn in, Mar.4
						1881- Chester Arthur sworn in as President, Sept.20, after President James Garfield assassinated, Sept.19
1884			1884-Lewis Waterman patents the first practical fountain pen
1885		1885—World's first skyscraper built in Chicago				1885- Cleveland/Hendricks sworn in , Mar.2
						1885- Former President Ulysses Grant died, Jul.23
						1885- Vice President Thomas Hendricks died in his sleep, Nov.25
1886						1886- Former President Chester Arthur died
1889					1889- North Dakota admitted (Nov.2), South Dakota admitted (Nov. 2), Montana admitted (Nov. 8), Washington admitted (Nov.11)	1889- Harrison/Morton sworn in, Mar.4
1890					1890- Idaho admitted (July 3), Wyoming admitted (Jul.10)
1893	1893—New Zealand becomes first country in the world to grant women the vote					1893- Former President Rutherford Hayes died, Jan.17
						1893- Cleveland/Stevenson sworn in, Mar.4
1894
1895			1895—Lumiére brothers introduce motion pictures
			1895—Marconi sends first radio signals
1896					1896- Utah admitted, Jan.4
1897	1897—Herzl launches Zionist movement					1897- McKinley/Hobart sworn in, Mar.4
1899						1899 - Vice President Garret Hobart died, Nov.21
1900		1900—Freud's Interpretation of Dreams
1901						1901- McKinley/Roosevelt sworn in, Mar.3. Theodore Roosevelt sworn in as President, Sept.14, after President William McKinley assassinated, Sept.14
						1901- Former President Benjamin Harrison died, Mar.13
1903			1903—Wright brothers fly first motorized airplane
1905			1905—Einstein announces theory of relativity			1905- Roosevelt/Fairbanks sworn in, Mar.4
1907		1907—Picasso's Les Demoiselles d'Avignon introduces cubism			1907- Oklahoma admitted, Nov. 16
1908						1908- Taft/Sherman sworn in, Mar.4
						1908- Former President Grover Cleveland died, Jun.24
1910
1911			1911—Rutherford discovers structure of atom
1912					1912- New Mexico admitted (Jan.6), Arizona admitted (Feb.14)	1912- Vice President James Sherman died, Oct.30
1913				1913—Ford develops first moving assembly line	1913- Amendment XVI (Authorizing income tax) ratified, Feb.3	1913- Wilson/Marshall sworn in, Mar.4
					1913- Amendment XVII (Amending procedure for electing Senators) ratified, Apr.8
1914	1914—World War I begins
1916				1916—Sanger founds international birth control movement
1917	1917—Lenin leads the Bolshevik Revolution					1917- Wilson/Marshall sworn in, Mar.4
1918				1918—Global “Spanish flu” epidemic
1919					1919- Amendment XVIII (Alcohol prohibition) ratified, Jan.16	1919- Former President Theodore Roosevelt died, Jan.6
1920					1920- Amendment XIX (Gender-neutral suffrage) ratified, Aug.18
1921					1921- Harding/Coolidge sworn in, Mar.4
1922		1922—Joyce's Ulysses published
1923					1923- Calvin Coolidge sworn in as President, Aug.3, after President Warren Harding died from stroke, Aug.2
1924					1924- Former President Woodrow Wilson died, Feb.3
1925					1925- Coolidge/Dawes sworn in, Mar.4
1926
1927			1927—Farnsworth demonstrates working model of a television
			1927—Lemaitre proposes big bang theory
1928			1928—Fleming discovers penicillin
1929			1929—Hubble proposes theory of expanding universe	1929—U.S. stock market crash precipitates global depression		1929- Hoover/Curtis sworn in, Mar.4
1930						1930- Former President William Taft died, Mar.8
1933					1933- Amendment XX (Altering terms for President and Congress) ratified, Jan.23	1933- Former President Calvin Coolidge died, Jan.5
					1933- Amendment XXI (Repeal of alcohol prohibition) ratified, Dec.5	1933- Roosevelt/Garner sworn in, Mar.4
1936				1936—Keynes's The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money
1937						1937- Roosevelt/Garner sworn in, Jan.20
1939	1939—Hitler invades Poland
	1939—World War II begins
1940
1941						1941- Roosevelt/Wallace sworn in, Jan.20
1942	1942—Nazi leaders at Wannsee Conference coordinate “final solution to the Jewish question”
1943				1943- Hungarian journalist Laszlo Biro, patents the first commercial ball point pens.
				1945- the first inexpensive ballpoint pens were manufactured when Frenchman Marcel Bich and called them "BIC"s
1945	1945—Atomic bombs are dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki		1945—first electronic computer, ENIAC, is built			1945- Roosevelt/Truman sworn in, Jan.20
	1945—Arab League launches modern pan-Arabism					1945- Harry Truman sworn in as President, Apr.12, after President Franklin Roosevelt died from a cerebral hemorrhage, Apr.12
1946	1946—First meeting of U.N. General Assembly
	1946—Churchill's “Iron Curtain” speech marks beginning of cold war
1947	1947—Gandhi's civil disobedience movement leads to an independent India
1949	1949—Communist victory in China under Mao Zedong					1949- Truman/Barkley sworn in, Jan.20
1950		1950s—Abstract expressionism introduced
1951					1951- Amendment XXII (Presidential term limits) ratified, Feb.27
1953			1953—Watson, Crick, and Franklin discover DNA's structure			1953- Eisenhower/Nixon sworn in, Jan.20
1954					1954—Brown v. Board of Education begins unraveling of U.S. racial segregation
1955				1955 - Disneyland Opens in California
1957			1957—Russia launches first satellite, Sputnik I			1957- Eisenhower/Nixon sworn in, Jan.20
1958			1958- engineers manage to put two transistors onto a silicon crystal and create the first integrated circuit, which led to the microprocessor (one of the engineers was Intel co-founder Robert Noyce)
1959			1959—Mary and Louis Leakey claim to uncover hominid fossils		1959- Alaska admitted (Jan.3), Hawaii admitted (Aug.21)
1960
1961					1961- Amendment XXIII (Presidential vote for DC) ratified, Mar.29	1961- Kennedy/Johnson sworn in, Jan.20
1964						1964- Former President Herbert Hoover died, Oct. 20
1965						1965- Johnson/Humphrey sworn in, Jan.20
1967					1967- Amendment XXV (Altering procedures for Presidential succession), Feb.10
1969			1969—Armstrong and Aldrin walk on the Moon			1969- Nixon/Agnew sworn in, Jan.20
			1969—Internet (ARPA) goes online			1969- Former President Dwight Eisenhower died, Mar.28
1970				1970 - Disney World Opens in Florida
1971					1971- Amendment XXVI (Voting age 18) ratified, Jul.1
1972						1972- Nixon/Agnew sworn in, Jan.20
						1972- Former President Harry Truman died, Dec.26
1973						1973- Gerald Ford sworn in as Vice President, Dec.6, after Vice President Spiro Agnew resigned, Oct.10
						1973- Former President Lyndon Johnson died, Jan.22
1974						1974- Gerald Ford sworn in as President, Aug.9, after President Richard Nixon resigned, Aug.9
						1974- Nelson Rockefeller sworn in as Vice President, Dec.19
1977						1977- Carter/Mondale sworn in, Jan.20
1980			1980—Smallpox eradicated
1981			1981—Scientists identify AIDS			1981- Reagan/Bush sworn in, Jan.20
1982
1983
1984
1985						1985- Reagan/Bush sworn in, Jan.20
1986
1987
1988
1989	1989—Fall of Communism in Eastern Europe					1989- Bush/Quayle sworn in, Jan.20
1990
1991	1991—Breakup of Soviet Union
	1991—apartheid ends in South Africa
1992					1992- Amendment XXVII (Restricting Congressional pay changes) ratified, May 7
1993						1993- Clinton/Gore sworn in, Jan.20
1994						1994- Former President Richard Nixon died, Apr.22
1995
1996
1997						1997- Clinton/Gore sworn in, Jan.20
1998						1998- President William Clinton impeached on 2 articles of impeachment, Dec.19
1999						1999- President William Clinton acquitted on both articles of impeachment, Feb.12
2000
2001	2001- Terrorist attack destroys World Trade Center in NYC, Sept.11					2001- Bush/Cheney sworn in, Jan.20